Lebanese resilience put to the test In 2024, Lebanon faces yet another war between Israel and Hezbollah. This latest conflict, forced upon an already fragile country, has resulted in thousands of deaths and hundreds of thousands of displaced people. It stirs memories of past traumas, such as the civil war (1975–1990) and the port explosion in Beirut, which have left the population exhausted. It has also worsened the country’s poverty, still reeling from its early-2020s financial crisis. How can Lebanon endure all this without collapsing? What drives the resilience that is so often called upon—solidarity, a spirit of resistance, or justice?